These voltages are optically coupled and electrically remoted to the inputs of the low voltage circuits through the use of low voltage power line optically coupled isolators. Furthermore, the cost of resistors and isolators are less as compared to that of the transformers. In addition, the transformer-less method is the smaller dimension as compared with that of transformers to allow a compact type issue design. Some great benefits of this transformer-less technique as compared to the transformer strategy are direct sensing of present and voltage that allows AC power and energy measurements for non-resistive loads, tamper proof for safe energy measurements, compact sizes, and low costs. The circuit designs for voltage and present sensing's and electrical isolation are disclosed. FIG. 5 is an illustration of circuit for voltage sensing transistor in an emitter follower configuration with a load resistor linked to the emitter. FIG. 1 is an illustration of the smart meter system 50 in accordance with an embodiment. The system and methodology must be easily applied, cost efficient and adaptable to present methods. The method consists of coupling at least one resistor to a excessive voltage portion of the smart meter. Accordingly, many modifications could also be made by one of peculiar ability within the artwork without departing from the spirit and scope of the current invention.
A key feature of the present invention is that there is no need for a transformer when sensing voltage and current. FIG. 6 is an illustration of circuit for voltage sensing transistor within the open collector configuration with a load resistor RL 69. An optical transistor 69 has a base terminal B that is optically coupled to the IF LED 66. The emitter terminal E is related to the Vss terminal 71. The collector terminal C is connected to the second terminal of a resistor RL sixty nine in the open collector configuration. FIG. Four is an illustration of circuit for current sensing for the open collector configuration with a load resistor linked to the collector. FIG. Three is an illustration of circuit design for current sensing transistor in an emitter follower configuration with load resistor linked to the emitter. FIG. 3 is an illustration of circuit design for a present sensing portion of voltage and current sensors 39 in the sensible meter three of FIG. 2 for a single-section energy line system. The database may be analyzed to determine optimal energy usage and distribution. In so doing, resistors could be utilized to supply the present or voltage sensing properties of the sensible meter.
By eliminating the transformer the good meter can be bodily smaller, much less expensive and will not be tampered as within the case when the transformer core is positioned in a saturation situation. FIG. 2 is an illustration of a wise meter 3 in accordance with an embodiment. FIG. 1 is an illustration of good meter system. FIG. 2 is an illustration of a sensible meter in accordance with an embodiment. In a primary aspect a technique of sensing present inside a smart meter is disclosed. The method contains coupling a resistor voltage divider to a high voltage portion of the sensible meter. The strategy additionally consists of optically coupling the excessive voltage portion to a low voltage portion of the good meter. Using optically coupled isolators, the sensed voltages in the excessive voltage energy lines are optically coupled and electrically isolated to the low voltage circuits. Circuits for the voltage and present sensing methodology are described using resistors and optically coupled isolators. A transformer-much less methodology and system for voltage and present sensing using voltage drops across resistors is disclosed.
The current invention is said generally to meters for measuring energy and more significantly to a wise meter system. The first terminal of a small shunt resistor RS 7 is related in sequence with the new line of energy line pair 6 which is a excessive voltage portion 100; the other energy line 5 is the impartial or floor line. The battery backup 36 allows the detection of energy failure in the sensible meter 3. The standing of the battery backup 36 is reported in the Status register. There may be a need to boost system performance, reliability, testability and manufacturability of the smart meter during the product manufacturing and prototyping. The good meter system 50 comprises a neighborhood server 1 linked to a coordinator 2 and smart meters three (smart meter 1-N). In a single embodiment, the local server 1 is linked to the coordinator 2 by way of wires. The good meter system 50 is a many-to-one information communication topology. That is made potential by optically isolating a high voltage portion of the good meter from a low voltage portion. An optical transistor 57 has a base terminal B that's optically coupled to the IF LED which is a low voltage portion 102. The collector terminal C is related to the VDD terminal 56. The emitter terminal E is connected to the first terminal of a resistor RL fifty eight within the emitter follower configuration.
Smart Meter Voltage Sensing Utilizing Optically Coupled Isolators
by Monte Kimbell (2025-02-01)
By eliminating the transformer the good meter can be bodily smaller, much less expensive and will not be tampered as within the case when the transformer core is positioned in a saturation situation. FIG. 2 is an illustration of a wise meter 3 in accordance with an embodiment. FIG. 1 is an illustration of good meter system. FIG. 2 is an illustration of a sensible meter in accordance with an embodiment. In a primary aspect a technique of sensing present inside a smart meter is disclosed. The method contains coupling a resistor voltage divider to a high voltage portion of the sensible meter. The strategy additionally consists of optically coupling the excessive voltage portion to a low voltage portion of the good meter. Using optically coupled isolators, the sensed voltages in the excessive voltage energy lines are optically coupled and electrically isolated to the low voltage circuits. Circuits for the voltage and present sensing methodology are described using resistors and optically coupled isolators. A transformer-much less methodology and system for voltage and present sensing using voltage drops across resistors is disclosed.
The current invention is said generally to meters for measuring energy and more significantly to a wise meter system. The first terminal of a small shunt resistor RS 7 is related in sequence with the new line of energy line pair 6 which is a excessive voltage portion 100; the other energy line 5 is the impartial or floor line. The battery backup 36 allows the detection of energy failure in the sensible meter 3. The standing of the battery backup 36 is reported in the Status register. There may be a need to boost system performance, reliability, testability and manufacturability of the smart meter during the product manufacturing and prototyping. The good meter system 50 comprises a neighborhood server 1 linked to a coordinator 2 and smart meters three (smart meter 1-N). In a single embodiment, the local server 1 is linked to the coordinator 2 by way of wires. The good meter system 50 is a many-to-one information communication topology. That is made potential by optically isolating a high voltage portion of the good meter from a low voltage portion. An optical transistor 57 has a base terminal B that's optically coupled to the IF LED which is a low voltage portion 102. The collector terminal C is related to the VDD terminal 56. The emitter terminal E is connected to the first terminal of a resistor RL fifty eight within the emitter follower configuration.