As such, talc will be scratched by a fingernail. As an example, a filler will be or embody talc. However, alternatively, the modulus significantly increased and the pressure decreased by including PP and talc. However, in both approaches, armoring can nonetheless distort a lead (Pb) layer. Where a cable contains polypropylene insulation adjoining to a copper conductor, a lead (Pb) layer may be positioned over the polypropylene insulation, which might increase its temperature rating (e.g., from about 96 levels C. to about 125 levels C.). Where a cable contains EPDM insulation adjacent to a copper conductor, a lead (Pb) layer may be placed over the EPDM insulation and a fabric tape or a braid (e.g., a braided fiber) could also be placed over the lead (Pb) layer as a manufacturing aid to reduce distortion of the lead (Pb) layer throughout armoring. To scale back this injury, as talked about, a taped or braided fiber layer can be utilized over a lead (Pb) layer to provide resistance to damage from the armoring process.
In some embodiments, a energy cable might embrace one or more conductors, an EPDM insulation layer disposed over every conductor, and a lead (Pb) barrier layer disposed over the EPDM insulated conductor(s). The cushion layer 760 will be product of one or more extruded materials that can persist in a downhole environment of a hydrocarbon effectively over a longer term than nylon or polyethylene terephthalate string, which might help to take care of lead (Pb) layer safety. For example, a crosslinking agent can help to facilitate crosslinking of polyethylene to type a crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE). For instance, a curative will be or embody a crosslinking agent (CL agent). For instance, formulating might occur (e.g., wholly or in part) at an extruder site where, for instance, materials are mixed prior to introduction to an extruder feeder bin. FIG. Eight exhibits an instance of a way 810 that features a formulation block 812 for formulating a cloth (e.g., a mixture of materials), an extrusion block 816 for extruding the formulated material, a formation block 820 for forming a cable that may be an armored cable and a utilization block 824 for using the formed cable. In the example of FIG. 8, a provision block may be included where a pre-formulated materials is offered in a kind that may be fed to an extruder to carry out the extruding of the extrusion block 816. For instance, the formulating of the formulation block 812 may be performed wholly or partly by a provider that may provide a wholly formulated materials and/or a partially formulated materials.
In the instance of FIG. 8, the formulation block 812 can formulate the fabric by way of use of a number of polymeric supplies (e.g., polyethylene and optionally, moreover polypropylene) and one or more further supplies akin to, for example, a number of fillers and/or one or more curatives. As an example, a energy cable can include a conductor; a lead (Pb) barrier layer disposed about the conductor; a cushion layer disposed concerning the lead (Pb) barrier layer the place the cushion layer contains crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE); and metallic armor wrapped concerning the cushion layer the place the ability cable is a multiphase, electrical submersible pump energy cable. Such a cable will be referred to as a energy cable. Lead (Pb) could also be included in a cable as an extruded protective layer, which may be referred to as a lead (Pb) barrier or lead (Pb) barrier layer. For example, an electric submersible pumping system can embody an electric submersible pump that includes an electric motor and a pump; an electric power supply for providing electricity; and a power cable disposed between the electric energy source and the electric motor for supplying electricity from the facility supply to the electric motor, the place the ability cable includes a protecting layer extruded on an outer floor of a lead (Pb) barrier layer.
As an example, a power cable for use with an electric submersible pumping system can include a conductor; an insulation layer disposed on an outer surface of the conductor; a barrier layer disposed on an outer surface of the insulation layer; and a protective layer disposed on an outer floor of the barrier layer. In such an instance, the strategy can include submersing the submersible electrical motor and powering the submersed electrical motor by way of electrical energy provided to the cable. For example, in the method 810 of FIG. 8, crosslinking of polyethylene can occur to some amount (e.g., a desired amount) submit extrusion per the extrusion block 816. For instance, in the course of the formation of the cable per the formation block 820 and/or throughout the utilization of the cable per the utilization block 824, some quantity of crosslinking could occur. The a number of processors may execute such directions to implement (wholly or partly) one or more attributes (e.g., as a part of a way). XLPE could also be crosslinked after an extrusion course of by the use of exposure to scorching water or steam with assistance from a catalyst (e.g., or through one or more other mechanisms). In such an approach, a process can optionally be implemented without curing of an extruded blend for 12 hours in scorching water.
ARMORED SUBMERSIBLE Power CABLE
by Antoinette Nimmo (2025-01-13)
In some embodiments, a energy cable might embrace one or more conductors, an EPDM insulation layer disposed over every conductor, and a lead (Pb) barrier layer disposed over the EPDM insulated conductor(s). The cushion layer 760 will be product of one or more extruded materials that can persist in a downhole environment of a hydrocarbon effectively over a longer term than nylon or polyethylene terephthalate string, which might help to take care of lead (Pb) layer safety. For example, a crosslinking agent can help to facilitate crosslinking of polyethylene to type a crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE). For instance, a curative will be or embody a crosslinking agent (CL agent). For instance, formulating might occur (e.g., wholly or in part) at an extruder site where, for instance, materials are mixed prior to introduction to an extruder feeder bin. FIG. Eight exhibits an instance of a way 810 that features a formulation block 812 for formulating a cloth (e.g., a mixture of materials), an extrusion block 816 for extruding the formulated material, a formation block 820 for forming a cable that may be an armored cable and a utilization block 824 for using the formed cable. In the example of FIG. 8, a provision block may be included where a pre-formulated materials is offered in a kind that may be fed to an extruder to carry out the extruding of the extrusion block 816. For instance, the formulating of the formulation block 812 may be performed wholly or partly by a provider that may provide a wholly formulated materials and/or a partially formulated materials.
In the instance of FIG. 8, the formulation block 812 can formulate the fabric by way of use of a number of polymeric supplies (e.g., polyethylene and optionally, moreover polypropylene) and one or more further supplies akin to, for example, a number of fillers and/or one or more curatives. As an example, a energy cable can include a conductor; a lead (Pb) barrier layer disposed about the conductor; a cushion layer disposed concerning the lead (Pb) barrier layer the place the cushion layer contains crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE); and metallic armor wrapped concerning the cushion layer the place the ability cable is a multiphase, electrical submersible pump energy cable. Such a cable will be referred to as a energy cable. Lead (Pb) could also be included in a cable as an extruded protective layer, which may be referred to as a lead (Pb) barrier or lead (Pb) barrier layer. For example, an electric submersible pumping system can embody an electric submersible pump that includes an electric motor and a pump; an electric power supply for providing electricity; and a power cable disposed between the electric energy source and the electric motor for supplying electricity from the facility supply to the electric motor, the place the ability cable includes a protecting layer extruded on an outer floor of a lead (Pb) barrier layer.
As an example, a power cable for use with an electric submersible pumping system can include a conductor; an insulation layer disposed on an outer surface of the conductor; a barrier layer disposed on an outer surface of the insulation layer; and a protective layer disposed on an outer floor of the barrier layer. In such an instance, the strategy can include submersing the submersible electrical motor and powering the submersed electrical motor by way of electrical energy provided to the cable. For example, in the method 810 of FIG. 8, crosslinking of polyethylene can occur to some amount (e.g., a desired amount) submit extrusion per the extrusion block 816. For instance, in the course of the formation of the cable per the formation block 820 and/or throughout the utilization of the cable per the utilization block 824, some quantity of crosslinking could occur. The a number of processors may execute such directions to implement (wholly or partly) one or more attributes (e.g., as a part of a way). XLPE could also be crosslinked after an extrusion course of by the use of exposure to scorching water or steam with assistance from a catalyst (e.g., or through one or more other mechanisms). In such an approach, a process can optionally be implemented without curing of an extruded blend for 12 hours in scorching water.